Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of genetic eye disorders that cause progressive vision loss due to the degeneration of the retina, specifically the light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors. Symptoms often include decreased night vision, tunnel vision, and eventual loss of central vision. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying genetic causes, developing treatments to slow or stop the progression of the disease, and exploring potential gene therapies to restore vision. Additionally, studies are investigating the use of stem cells and prosthetic devices to improve vision for individuals with retinitis pigmentosa.